大气压等离子体处理对生菜种子萌发和生长发育的影响

利用自制新型大气压等离子体装置对生菜种子进行处理,研究了不同电压的大气压等离子体处理对生菜种子萌发、幼苗生长及产量品质的影响。试验结果表明:不同电压的等离子体处理对生菜种子萌发的影响效果不同。其中,5610和5950 V处理对种子的萌发有促进作用,种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数与对照相比均有所提高,而6290~7310 V处理则抑制了种子的萌发,且电压越高抑制效果越明显。同时,等离子体处理种子α-淀粉酶活性提高,电导率降低,幼苗地上部鲜干质量、地下部鲜干质量、根体积、根活力及过氧化物酶活性也有不同程度的增加。不同电压的等离子体处理促进了生菜定植后的生长发育,产量最高比CK提高12.52%;生菜的维生素C、叶绿素、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量等品质也有所改善。综合来看,5610和5950 V的等离子体处理效果较优。     

METAL MATRIX PARTICULATE COMPOSITES BY SPRAYING CODEPOSITION

The spraying codeposition process is used to produce metal matrix paniculate composites, whose technical procedure and main processing parameters are analyzed. The microstructure of the composites is examined and the properties are tested. The solidification characteristics in the spraying deposition and solidification process are discussed. The results indicate that several problems involved in conventional methods can be overcome with this technique to preduce metal matrix paniculate composites. The reinforce particles are dispersed in the matrix homogeneously without solidification segregation. Compared with the matrix alloy,the composite proves to be harder and has excellent wear resistance.     

Kruppel样因子15对脂肪沉积和肌纤维类型的影响及其可能机制

Kruppel样因子15(KLF15)是一种新发现的Kruppel样因子家族(KLFs)成员,为一种真核锌指蛋白转录因子。KLF15在动物体内呈现多组织表达特性,该基因过表达能促进动物脂肪沉积,且能影响肉质性状候选基因和Ⅰ型肌纤维基因的表达。因此,深入研究KLF15对脂肪沉积和肌纤维类型的影响及其可能机制,将为改善动物肉品质提供新的思路。本文综述了KLF15的发现、结构特征、表达规律及其与脂肪沉积和Ⅰ型肌纤维之间的关系。     

呼和浩特市大气环境质量与局地环流关系的探讨

本文通过对呼和浩特地区地面气象观测资料统计，分析了污染物的时空分布规律，从气象条件的角度说明了呼市大气污染往往是由局地环流形成的，并根据分析结果对呼市今后的污染治理提出了相应的建议。     

Abnormal ocular pigment deposition and glaucoma in the dog

The combined occurrence of ocular pigment deposition and glaucoma has been described in Cairn Terriers. Recently, this condition was also observed in two other breeds: the Boxer (two cases) and the Labrador Retriever (one case). Six dogs were referred to the Ophthalmology section of the Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals and to a private referral clinic because of glaucoma or blindness in one or both eyes. In five cases ophthalmic examination showed pigment depositions in the sclera around the entire circumference of the perilimbal zone. Eight enucleated eyes (four eyes of two Cairn Terriers, three eyes of two Boxers and one eye of a Labrador Retriever) were examined microscopically. All eyes showed the same findings: an extensive infiltration of large melanin-containing cells with an eccentric nucleus, located in the iris, ciliary body, retina, choroids and sclera. Transmission electron microscopy of two of the examined eyes revealed that the morphology of most of these cells was consistent with melanophages. While reports in the veterinary literature concerning this condition are limited the cells concerned have been described to be melanocytes. Further research is needed to conclusively identify the cell type. As described in the present report, the histologic and transmission electron microscopic findings suggest a different etiology of the ocular pigment deposition and glaucoma compared with the pigment dispersal syndrome in humans.     

Heterogeneity of the aerial concentration and deposition of ascospores of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Venturia inaequalis</Emphasis> within a tree canopy during the rain

Scab is an important disease of apple and its control depends almost exclusively on frequent use of fungicides. Primary scab infection in the spring assumes several steps: ascospore maturation, liberation of ascospores that become airborne, deposition on susceptible tissues, and infection. However, the spatial heterogeneity of ascospores within the tree canopy is unknown. Aerial concentration of ascospore (ACA), ascospore concentration in rain water (ACR) and ascospore deposition (AD) were therefore measured at six heights (20–257 cm from the ground) with rotating-arm air samplers, funnels, and greased glass slides, respectively, during five rain events in 2001 and in 2002. In addition, ACR and AD were measured at eight locations within tree canopy at 196 cm height. Apple scab was assessed at the end of the primary infection period in each sampling location within the apple tree. A similar experimental design was used in 2003 to study the spatial heterogeneity of both AD and primary scab lesions. ACA and AD decreased with increasing height, while ACR increased with increasing height. Based on both variance to mean ratio and the power law relationship in both years, the ACR was heterogeneous, while AD was heterogeneous only during the peaks of ascospore release. The ACR was significantly higher at the centre of the trees and the AD was significantly higher at the centre and at the western edge of the trees. Only the cumulative AD was significantly correlated with apple scab lesions at the same location (r = 0.83). In 2003, a similar pattern of spatial heterogeneity within the tree canopy was observed for AD and primary scab lesion counts and there was a linear relationship (R ² = 0.84) between these two variables. It was concluded that ACR and AD within the tree canopy are not randomly distributed at least during peaks of ascospore release and that AD is a good estimate of primary scab lesion development. This spatial heterogeneity should be considered when estimating ascospore deposition using mathematical models or when quantifying ascosporic inoculum using spore samplers.     

气助式静电喷雾靶标物背部沉积特性

为了研究气助式静电喷雾中，药液雾化特性对其靶标背部沉积效果的影响，采用Ф80mm的西红柿果实作为靶标，配制1g／L的刚果红溶液模拟农药进行喷雾试验．运用OLID测试系统对不同施药条件（气体压力、静电电压、喷雾距离）下药液的雾化特性进行了测试，借助分光光度计定量分析靶标背部沉积量，结合试验结果对药液雾化特性与靶标背部沉积效果的关系进行了分析和讨论．结果表明：非静电喷雾时，雾滴不易粘附于标靶背部，与荷电喷雾时相比，背部沉积量较小可以忽略；在气动力和静电力的前后作用下，雾滴的粒径随气体压力、静电电压的增加而减小且分布愈均匀；增加气体压力、静电电压均可提高药液靶标背部的沉积量，其中静电电压影响最大；荷电啧雾时，雾滴的粒径愈小分布愈均匀有利于荷电药液在靶标物背部沉积．     

Evaluating Modified Atmospheric Correction Methods for Landsat Imagery: Image‐Based and Model‐Based Calibration Methods

Abstract

To increase the accuracy of remotely sensed data for agricultural forecasting, pixel values must be corrected for atmospheric effects and converted to spectral reflectance. The objective of this research was to compare two atmospheric correction methods of Landsat imagery under a range of atmospheric conditions. Ground‐based dark‐object subtraction (GDOS) is an image‐based calibration method that used in situ ground data that the dark‐object subtraction (DOS) method did not use, whereas atmospheric calibration (AC) is a model‐based calibration method that required a standard atmospheric profile refined with the use of in situ atmospheric data. GDOS and AC methods improved the reflectance values and had relationships with measured bands, which were approximately 1 to 1 in all bands. However, the GDOS generally had lower root‐mean‐square errors (RMSE) than AC. Data from this study suggest that at the present time the GDOS method may be more accurate than the AC method.     

常压热水锅炉集中供热烘烤性能的研究

试验结果表明:与2009年常规密集烤房相比,用常压热水锅炉集中供热式烤房烘烤烟叶,可以分别降低每千克煤的烟尘排放量、SO2排放量和NOx排放量2.914、8.600和2.391 mg/kg,降低每千克干烟烘烤成本1.00元/kg,提高烤后烟叶均价1.26元/kg,降低单间运行总费用63.2元,提高单间净收益841元,而增加每间烤房初期建造成本3.0979万元。